In a large bowl or the bowl of a stand mixer, combine the warm water, 1 tablespoon of sugar, and salt. Sprinkle the yeast on top and let it sit for about 5 minutes until it becomes foamy and fragrant.
Add the melted butter and the flour to the yeast mixture. Using a dough hook or a sturdy spoon, mix until the dough starts to come together. If using a mixer, continue on low speed until the dough is smooth and clears the side of the bowl.
Knead the dough by hand for about 5 minutes or in the mixer for 3 minutes until it is tacky but not sticky. Place the dough in a greased bowl, cover it with a clean towel, and let it rise in a warm spot for about 1 hour, or until it has doubled in size.
Preheat your oven to 450°F (230°C). Line two large baking sheets with parchment paper. In a large pot, bring the 10 cups of water and the baking soda to a rolling boil.
Punch the risen dough down and turn it onto a lightly oiled surface. Divide the dough into 8 equal pieces. Roll each piece into a long rope about 1 inch thick. Use a knife or bench scraper to cut the ropes into 1-inch bite-sized pieces.
Drop the bites into the boiling baking soda water in batches (about 10-15 at a time). Let them boil for 30 seconds, then remove them with a slotted spoon and place them onto the prepared baking sheets, ensuring they don’t touch.
Bake the pretzel bites for 8 to 10 minutes, or until they are a deep golden brown. Remove them from the oven and let them cool for just a minute so you can handle them.
While the bites are baking, mix the remaining sugar and cinnamon in a small bowl. Melt the 1/2 cup of butter in a separate bowl. Toss the warm pretzel bites first in the melted butter and then immediately in the cinnamon-sugar mixture until well coated.